TechPlus+ — Technology and Development Redux

The Real Structures Sustaining the Cyberspace Imaginary – II

10 March 202325 March 2023

Artificial Intelligence, Governance, ICTD

History Matters Following the historical evolution of the Internet and Cyberspace sheds light on the origins of the “superhighway” and “virtual” metaphors, depicted in the first part of this post. Useful summaries from a pure infrastructural perspective are available from Read more

The Real Structures Sustaining the Cyberspace Imaginary – I

1 March 202321 March 2023

Artificial Intelligence, Economics, Governance, ICTD

Recreating the Imaginary If I were to ask another human being (not ChatGPT) for directions on how to get to Cyberspace, most would probably think I am joking. Others might consider me an imbecile or conclude I must be flying Read more

AI’s Seemingly Elusive Infrastructure – II

20 February 202326 February 2023

Artificial Intelligence, Climate Change, Economics, Human Development, ICTD

Undoubtedly, the infrastructural requirements used to produce the 2020 175 billion GPT-3 model are hefty by most standards. But, of course, that just means that competitors now striving to generate their own creatures on the same genre must have access Read more

AI’s Seemingly Elusive Infrastructure – I

10 February 202317 February 2023

Artificial Intelligence, Climate Change, Economics, ICTD

ChatGTP’s sudden and arguably premature success has yet again exposed the usually overlooked link between so-called “virtual” digital technologies and very tangible infrastructure. Indeed, early adopters of the latest incarnation of GTP-3-based bots directly experienced repeated network and login failures. Read more

ChatGPT’s New Version

31 January 20234 February 2023

Artificial Intelligence, e-governance, Economics, Innovation

Yesterday, OpenAI released a new iteration of ChatGPT, version 3.5. To quickly check, I decided to ask some of the same questions I did back in December. The table below compares the results. ChatGPT November 2022 v3.0 January 30 2023, Read more

Best Films – 2022

1 January 202314 January 2023

I read somewhere that 2022 was an excellent year for filmmaking. After all, the pandemic has become endemic (learn to live with it, no matter what). And previous virus constraints have now evaporated. Back to 2019, so to speak. Almost. Read more

Chatting with ChatGPT

15 December 20222 February 2023

Artificial Intelligence, Economics, Governance, Human Development

OpenAI’s new shiny chatbot, with the not-so-brilliant name of ChatGPT, has taken the world by storm, surprising most, company staff included. Evidence of the latter stems from the fact that whenever one tries to access the platform, a message announcing Read more

How Green is AI?

1 December 202215 January 2023

Artificial Intelligence, Climate Change, Governance, Human Development, ICTD

Playing Games My father taught me how to play chess when I was nine years old or thereabouts. He played his fair share of games while he was studying engineering. He told me that a few of his classmates quit Read more

ICTs and Emissions – V

19 November 202213 December 2022

Climate Change, Economics, Governance, Human Development, ICTD

Walking Around the Main Gallery Unlike its basement, the abode’s main gallery is noisy, crowded and chaotic, offering a maze-like layout we need to navigate safely. Indeed, one can easily get lost, and while checking in is pretty simple, finding Read more

Digital Technologies and Sustainable Development: The Missing Link

12 November 202213 November 2022

Climate Change, Economics, Governance, Human Development, ICTD

Context Nowadays, digital technologies occupy most interstices of society. While the global pandemic exposed glaring gaps, especially in developing countries, avoiding their mantra seems torturous. Undoubtedly, their rapid diffusion in the last 30 years is historical (Comin & Mestieri, 2018). Read more

ICTs and Emissions – IV

5 November 20229 November 2022

Climate Change, Economics, Governance, Human Development, ICTD

Environmental Footprints As previously mentioned, data centers (DCs) depend not only on energy consumption but also require plenty of water for survival, just like humans. We thus have increasing competition for a critical resource, especially when droughts and wildfires are Read more

ICTs and Emissions – III

27 October 20229 November 2022

Climate Change, Economics, Governance, Human Development

The Abode is a Humongous Shopping Mall As some pundits have observed, data centers (DCs) are the backbone of the digital realm – hiding in plain sight, I would add. However, they do not live alone in their noisy, albeit Read more

ICTs and Emissions – II

20 October 202222 October 2022

Climate Change, Economics, Governance, Human Development, ICTD

Cyberspace Mansions In 2009, amid the Global Financial Crisis, the U.S. National Security Agency (NSA) announced plans to create a 1.2 billion dollar data center (DC) in Utah. Indeed, surveillance once again proved it is immune to economic disasters, regardless Read more

ICTs and Emissions – I

1 October 202212 October 2022

Climate Change, Economics, Governance, Human Development, ICTD

Digital technologies’ social ubiquitousness is indisputable. Indeed, escaping their mantra seems unreal, almost dystopic, regardless of location or connectivity. The TINA (there is no alternative) principle appears to be entirely at work here. It is thereby paradoxical new ICTs are Read more

RegTech is Here!

20 September 20221 October 2022

Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Economics, Governance

Modern FinTech saw the light of day with the launching of ATM machines in the late 60s. A few years later, NASDAQ was born, credit cards exploded and banks started to deploy mainframes and minicomputer computers to support their operations. Read more

Economic Growth and Sustainable Development

10 September 202226 September 2022

Climate Change, Economics, Human Development, ICTD

In a previous entry, I explored the connections between digital technologies, economic growth and the environment, using the concept of Sustainable Development (SD) as analytical reference. The figure below depicts yet another way to see the three development outcomes that Read more

More Carbon Inequality

1 September 202211 September 2022

Climate Change, Human Development, Inequality

IPCC reports usually include an annex containing a climate glossary where key terms are succinctly defined. The latest report is no exception, providing an extensive dictionary consuming over 30 pages of text – yet less than 1% of the report’s Read more

More Light on Financial Inclusion

20 August 202226 September 2022

Blockchain, Economics, Human Development, ICTD, Innovation

In a couple of recent posts, I briefly traced the history of financial inclusion and its links to the emergence and diffusion of digital technologies. A recently published book by Nick Bernards tackles the same issue more comprehensively while taking Read more

Carbon Inequality

10 August 202226 September 2022

Climate Change, Governance, Human Development, Inequality

My previous post highlighted a gap between the Glasgow CoP26 mitigation targets and GHG emissions data. The best example here is the selection of methane as a priority while the big elephant in the room, CO2, mentioned in passing, escaped Read more

Net-zero Emissions and Developing Countries – II

1 August 202219 August 2022

Climate Change, Governance, Human Development, Inequality

As discussed in the previous post, low-income and most low-middle-income countries play almost no role in methane emissions. Therefore, embarking on related targets and projects will not make a dent on a global scale. Instead, it might end up increasing Read more

Net-zero Emissions and Developing Countries – I

20 July 202214 August 2022

Climate Change, Governance, Human Development, Inequality

If Climate Change rings to many of us as an almost insurmountable global challenge, then net-zero has recently emerged as its apparent universal solution. The coin has finally been imprinted with two clearly defined sides, in constant and inseparable opposition. Read more

Towards a Public Internet?

10 July 202230 July 2022

Governance, Human Development, ICTD

Memory insists on telling me every so often that the first time I ever used the Internet was at the tail end of the 1980s. A couple of years earlier, the college where I was struggling to finish my Ph.D. Read more

Digital Technologies and Sustainable Development

1 July 202217 July 2022

Climate Change, Economics, Governance, Human Development, ICTD, Innovation

1. Overall context Much water has already gone under the bridge on this topic. Yet the flow shows no signs of coming to a halt soon. In the early days of the so-called “Internet revolution,” only a few were connecting Read more

Financial Inclusion and Democratizing Finance – III

20 June 20224 July 2022

Blockchain, Economics, Human Development, ICTD

Show me the money The impact of initiatives such as Grameen Bank (Village phone included) and M-Pesa is still under discussion. From a poverty reduction perspective, the effect has been much more limited. Many countries in the Global South have Read more

Financial Inclusion and Democratizing Finance – II

10 June 202219 June 2022

Blockchain, Economics, Human Development, ICTD, Innovation

Where are the banks? It seems paradoxical that the mainstream history of micro-finance/financial inclusion does not consider banks. After all, banks are supposed to “bank the unbanked.” So banks are not only missing from such a narrative. They are also Read more

Financial Inclusion and Democratizing Finance – I

30 May 202219 July 2022

Blockchain, Economics, Human Development, ICTD, Social Innovation

From Noise to Signal A couple of weeks ago, El Salvador’s CryptoPopulist President shared on social media news about an international “Bitcoin” meeting his country was hosting starting May 16. He also listed the names of the 44 entities participating Read more

Open Data and Big Pharma

15 May 20221 June 2022

Economics, Innovation, Open Data

In 1980, the U.S. Congress passed the Bayh-Dole Act that modified patent and trademark law by allowing universities and small businesses to own inventions created under the funding of the Federal Government. Its core idea was to expedite the commercialization Read more

The Environment and “Socialist” States

1 May 202211 May 2022

Climate Change, Economics, Governance, Human Development, Inequality

Thirty-six years after it first broke the news for the wrong reasons, Chernobyl is back in the headlines thanks to the horrible and absurd Russian invasion. Sixteen months before the well-known Soviet nuclear meltdown of 1986, a plant located in Read more

ICTs and Development Theories – II

15 April 202227 April 2022

Economics, Governance, Human Development, ICTD

Linking ICTs to development External researchers and experts poking for the first time into ICTD might assume that the field has, 30 years after its birth, a cohesive theory on how ICTs impact development. Unfortunately, that is not the case. Read more

ICTs and Development Theories – I

1 April 202227 April 2022

Economics, Governance, Human Development, ICTD

ICTD overview The field of ICTD first saw the light over 30 years ago1 Selected references are provided at the end of the 2nd part of this post. Its overall scope is ambitious as it covers several sectors and thematic Read more

More Bitcoin Inequality

15 March 20225 April 2022

Blockchain, Inequality, Innovation

While still prone to seemingly unpredictable dynamics, Bitcoin’s price seems to have found a new center of gravity in the last year. Since February 2021, the Cryptocurrency has oscillated around 4ok per unit, give or take. It peaked at 67.5k Read more

State Capacity and Digital Technologies – I

1 March 202222 March 2022

Economics, Governance, Human Development

To the Moon and Back It was my elder sister’s 25th birthday when Apollo 11 landed on the moon. We watched the unprecedented event on B&W TV – our grandma openly expressing total skepticism. We then went out for a Read more

Hacking Public Policy Making with AI

15 February 20221 March 2022

Artificial Intelligence, Crowdsourcing, e-governance, Human Development

Modern Evidence-based Policy Making (EBPC) has been around for 25 years, imported into the mainstream from the health sector and its success with randomized controlled trials. The latter has now spread to many other sectors and research areas. A few Read more

Blockchain Adoption in the Public Sector – II

30 January 20222 February 2022

Blockchain, Governance, ICTD, Innovation

Regulatory frameworks are usually perceived as counter-productive and even nefarious by innovators, pundits and followers. Together they will go out of their way to stop them, arguing that their impact on innovation is lethal, as discussed in a previous post. Read more

Blockchain Adoption in the Public Sector – I

15 January 202231 January 2022

Blockchain, e-governance, Governance, Innovation

Over ten years after its creation, the hype on Blockchain Technology (BCT) continues to dominate the scene compared to actual implementation. However, that does not necessarily imply it has remained immune to change. At the very onset, Cryptocurrencies, led by Read more

Best Films – 2021

31 December 202114 January 2022

The pandemic has been a blessing in disguise, to a point. Many films continued to be available online at the start of the year, but as vaccines increased and panic subsided, theaters started to reopen, albeit not at lightning speed. Read more

Global Wealth Distribution

15 December 20214 January 2022

Climate Change, Economics, Human Development

GDP (Gross Domestic Product), the statistic most frequently used to measure wealth creation in terms of goods and services, has been the subject of critical review for the last 25 years. Green National Accounting (GNA) and the ensuing Green National Read more

A Fuzzy Das Kapital Word Cloud

1 December 202117 December 2021

Economics, Human Development

A few months ago, the top U.S. General was summoned by a Congressional Committee to explain why “Critical Race Theory” was being taught in the military. The General’s response built on the idea that the better one knows the enemy, Read more

Digital Government and Social Leaders

15 November 20213 December 2021

e-governance, Gender, Governance, Human Development, ICTD

As part of an online course on Digital Government for Social Leaders, I was asked to develop a script for a five-minute animation where an Avatar will introduce the topic and entice the leaders to embrace it as part of Read more

AI National Policies – III

1 November 202115 December 2022

Artificial Intelligence, Governance, Human Development, ICTD

Policy Evolution Comparatively speaking, AI national policies and strategies have evolved much slower than other digital strategies such as ICT, Digital Government, and Open Data. That might seem paradoxical given the systemic benefits and risks of the revived and now Read more

AI National Policies – II

15 October 202115 December 2022

Artificial Intelligence, Governance, Human Development, ICTD

As mentioned in the previous post, policymakers should skip over the dominant technology-centered AI perspective and instead position AI as a multi-dimensional structure cutting across all sectors. Indeed, national AI policy effectiveness depends to a large extent on the AI Read more

AI National Policies – I

1 October 202115 December 2022

Artificial Intelligence, Governance, Human Development, ICTD

National policy development on new digital technologies has become a staple since the emergence of the Internet in the early 1990s. It has certainly not been limited to most advanced countries. Nations in the Global South have also climbed the Read more

Contesting Innovation

15 September 202124 January 2022

Human Development, Innovation, Social Innovation

Innovation is always good. Innovation regulation is always wrong. These are the two innovation axioms we repeatedly hear in unison from mainstream media, innovators and innovative companies, big and small. Indeed, the two are connected. They are, in fact, two Read more

Digital Public Policy Development – II

2 September 20211 December 2021

The various policy instruments mentioned in the previous post play a critical role in the policy development process. However, providing a succinct description of each is first required. That will ensure policymakers and stakeholders are on the same page when Read more

Digital Public Policy Development – I

26 August 202123 September 2021

Unexpectedly, the ongoing pandemic has enshrined national states as the indisputable leader in pushing back the deadly SARS-CoV-2 pathogen. It now seems evident that no other sector in society is better positioned to effectively confront the virus that needs no Read more

AI Topography

2 August 202114 December 2022

Artificial Intelligence, Governance, Human Development, ICTD

For the last 30 years, the seemingly endless number of so-called technology revolutions invading our expansive yet decaying landscape has been accompanied by a proliferation of wide-ranging publications, usually playing catch-up while trying to predict the future on the spot. Read more

Waiting for yet another Industrial Revolution

5 July 202126 July 2021

Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, e-governance, Economics, Human Development, ICTD, Innovation

The PC revolution. The Internet revolution. The mobile revolution. The social media revolution. The blockchain revolution. And the AI re-revolution. We seem to be living in times of Permanent Revolution. Also reminds me of the Age of Revolution that thrived Read more

CryptoPopulism

11 June 202114 October 2021

Undoubtedly, cryptocurrencies have gained substantial territory since their inception over a decade ago, Bitcoin leading the charge. What began as a brilliant albeit complex innovation seemingly open only to techies and geeks is now going mainstream, at least in media Read more

AI Nationalism?

1 April 20211 December 2021

Globalization seemingly inexorable world conquest, kick-started during the last quarter of the 20th Century, found an unexpected ally in the unpredictable fall of the Berlin Wall. While pundits sitting in the right-side section of the human theater saw the latter Read more

Vaccine Inequality

21 March 20213 April 2021

Economics, Governance, Human Development

Already under siege in many quarters, Globalization has now added the seemingly unstoppable spread of the Corona Virus to its already dubious credentials. As expected, not one single country has been spared, rich and poor suddenly standing on the same Read more

AI and Development Policies

28 February 202114 December 2022

Artificial Intelligence, Governance, Human Development, ICTD

Strongly supported by behemoth tech companies, the “ethical and responsible” AI discourse has almost completely overshadowed the relevant conversation on the potential socio-economic impact the resurgent technology might have in developing countries. While such discourse’s subtle agenda, apparently now failing, Read more

Bitcoin Inequality Revisited

13 February 202129 March 2021

The Bitcoin bulls are back in full strength, driving the price of the cryptocurrency to unprecedented heights. The digital currency is now approaching 50k. Nevertheless, pundits and fundamentalist supporters still see the sky as the only possible limit. Go figure. Read more

Greater “AI for Good”

22 January 202114 December 2022

Artificial Intelligence, Governance, ICTD, Inequality

The proliferation of top, best, fails and prediction posts on almost any topic is now a staple of the annual transition from one year to the next. As the new year starts seeing the light of day, we seem compelled Read more

A Few Reflections on ICTD

19 January 20211 December 2021

As a multi-disciplinary field, ICTD research hosts a wide variety of knowledge and expertise initially developed in other academic areas, ranging from specialized information theory to broad economic development. That should not be a surprise as ICTs emerged from the Read more

Better “AI for Good”

12 January 202115 January 2021

Artificial Intelligence, Blockchain, Human Development, ICTD

While the dystopian camp perceives digital technologies as a formidable, perhaps even unsurmountable threat to society, those on the other, much more optimistic side do not seem to get tired of repeating its almost countless benefits. The latter camp apparently Read more

Best Films – 2020

31 December 20208 January 2021

Bellocchio’s The Traitor was the last film I saw in a theatre. The film was only playing once a day at 1pm, so an early lunch was required. The calendar said it was the last day of February. The very Read more

Ethics in Ethical AI

16 November 202017 December 2022

Garbage in, garbage out (GIGO) is one of the oldest computer programming commandments. It was first coined in the same decade as AI, the 1950s, thus suggesting the connection between the two goes back to their birth dates. GIGO is Read more

A Glimpse at Development Economics

1 November 202026 April 2022

ICT for Development (ICTD) has been around for over three decades. A multidisciplinary field involving researchers and practitioners from many different areas and backgrounds, ICTD has one clear objective: to deploy new ICTs in society to foster development. The first Read more

Digital Government in Jamaica

18 October 20201 April 2021

e-governance, Human Development, ICTD

The last time I visited Jamaica was in the early 2000s. A few years before, we had launched the national node of the old and now defunct Sustainable Development Networking Programme (SDNP). It was labeled JSDNP and did quite a Read more

Evolving COVID-19

16 September 202014 December 2020

Human Development, Inequality

Over six months after its official birth, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to expand globally, as expected. Long-term lockdowns and other complementary measures have impacted, especially in industrialized countries that, back in June, were leading in cases and deaths. Not that Read more